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360th
anniversary of Nizhegorodskaya Yarmarka
In 1524 near Vasilsursk city, that downstream Volga, grand
duke Vasily Ioanovich established official trade. In a 1641
the fair was moved closer to Nizhny Novgorod under walls
of a monastery of St. Macary. For a long time it was called
"Macarievskaya".
From this year started the histiry of the famous Macarievskaya-Nizhniy
Novgorod fair, which marks this year 360 anniversary. In
1816, after a fire of the main building the fair, under
the decree of committee of the ministers, was transfered
in Nizhni Novgorod.
It reemerged in the regional center on the Volga and Oka
confluence spot. Prominent engineer Avgustin Betankur, responsible
for design and construction, took little time to create
a unique trade fair complex unparalleled elsewhere in Europe.
The Nizhny Novgorod Trade Fair started operating in July
1817. This greatly influenced the city in all possible aspects,
as local industries and transportation routes to Russia's
central areas began developing in earnest. Civil engineering
was on the rise, and many stone buildings were erected.
Our city, aptly nicknamed "the Pocket of Russia", became
the largest trading center on the Volga.
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Nizhny Novgorod
fair
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Yarmarka turned into one of the world's largest market
units at the end of the 19th century, having impact on international
trades and single-handedly setting prices of many goods
all over the globe. At the dawn of the 20th century Yarmarka
was more like a city in the city with its trading quarters,
banks, an exchange, restaurants, theaters and temples and
occupied eight square kilometers.
Unfortunately, the planned economy in the USSR scrapped
free trade. Yarmarka ceased to exist in 1929.
see also: http://www.yarmarka.ru/
up
10
years ago The Fair was reanimated
The Nizhny Novgorod Trade Fair was reanimated in 1991,
so the renewed Yarmarka is ten years old. Nizhny
Novgorod's largest businesses, banks, insurers and media
groups backed local authorities' initiative and acted as
co-founders of the Nizhny Novgorod Yarmarka All-Russian
Joint Stock Company.
Today Nizhny Novgorod Yarmarka is a modern exhibition
complex well equipped for holding shows, congresses and
international conferences. The Fair occupies 55,000 square
meters. There are six new exhibition pavilions and an area
for outdoor shows. The majestic Main Trade Fair Building,
the only edifice of the pre-revolution complex, is the center
of Yarmarka. It houses the Yarmarochny Bank, restaurants,
a casino and a number of exquisite salons and boutiques.
The Trade Fair is one of the city's most beautiful sights,
marveled at by both visitors and Nizhegorodians.
Yarmarka focuses on exhibition business. With its developed
infrastructure, a team of dedicated professionals and numerous
business contacts, the Fair holds up to 50 specialized exhibitions
a year. It features the flags of many nations. Yarmarka
has held a number of British national exhibitions, the national
presentations of France, Finland, Bulgaria, India and Poland,
and some African national shows as well. Local expertise
guarantees Russia's adequate presentations abroad.
Yarmarka has always been developing as a city in the city.
This historical principle has laid the foundation for its
present development concept.
see also: http://www.yarmarka.ru/
up
105th
jubilee of All-Russian Industrial and Art
Exhibition
The exhibition was of fundamental importance for the city,
as it propelled Nizhny Novgorod to new heights and displayed
the scope of industrial, economic and cultural achievements.
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All-Russian industrial
and art exhibition building
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It was a grandiose and effort-consuming event, which required
municipal improvements, transportation rescheduling and
proper accommodation and lodging for guests who normally
numbered more than the city population.
The District Court, an exchange, the Volga-Kama Bank and
hotels were erected. Two cable cars, each admitting 15 passengers,
would run on rail s up and down the Kremlin and Pokhvalinsky
Slopes.
The city got a new transportation means, the tram. Trams
could run predominantly one way at that time, using junctions
and passing tracks to change directions. A newly built electric
power station, stylized as a French Renaissance edifice,
would supply electric energy. The facility, located on the
Alexeyevskaya Square opposite a bridge, would also supply
electricity to the Fair and its exhibitions
The Nizhny Novgorod Drama Theater was opened on the eve
of the event as well. This
event happened 105 years ago.
Another innovation that came into being before the exhibition
was a historical and art museum in the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin's
Dmitriyevskaya Tower. Originally, rare exhibits used to
be collected in the so-called Peter l's House across the
Pochaina Gully, but the building was small and inconveniently
located away from the city center. That is why the Dmitriyevskaya
Tower was later chosen, as it was historically significant
and geographically centralized. Mr. Sultanov, a connoisseur
of historical Russian architecture, developed restoration
design.
The all-Russian exhibition ushered Nizhny Novgorod in
the world of cinematography. Lumiere's Cinema, a revolutionary
invention of the time, was presented in Charles Ornond's
concert cafe at the Fair and ensured much more receipts
to the owner than all other touring visitors in the city.
Nizhegorodians could watch all Lumiere's movies, which are
now considered to be early cinematography classics.
The exhibition was later referred to as "great". It was
great indeed, both in its area and the number of exhibits.
To house the grandiose event, local authorities financed
the construction of 55 buildings from the city coffers.
Private businesses built 117 pavilions. The most prominent
architects, artists, engineers and builders were involved.
Yarmarka had its splendid exhibiting neighbor built within
a very short period of time. The new complex had a vast
park with beautiful flowers and magnificent vegetation.
There was a large pond with fountains in front of the main
building. There were 250 electric lighting poles, an invention
locals were not quite accustomed to yet. The city had got
its water supply system.
Imposing edifices stood next to delicate architectural
masterpieces. Industrial facilities, scientific labs and
art buildings would share the vast area with experimental
fields, gardens, sumptuous greenhouses, barns, poultry yards
and farmyards.
see also: http://www.yarmarka.ru/
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By
the materials of book "Anniversary Nizhny"
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